Ontology Summit 2008 Communiqué: Towards an open ontology repository

Each annual Ontology Summit initiative makes a statement appropriate to each Summits theme as part of our general advocacy designed to bring ontology science and engineering into the mainstream. The theme this year is "Towards an Open Ontology Repository". This communiqué represents the joint position of those who were engaged in the year's summit discourse on an Open Ontology Repository (OOR) and of those who endorse below. In this discussion, we have agreed that an "ontology repository is a facility where ontologies and related information artifacts can be stored, retrieved and managed." We believe in the promise of semantic technologies based on logic, databases and the Semantic Web, a Web of exposed data and of interpretations of that data (i.e., of semantics), using common standards. Such technologies enable distinguishable, computable, reusable, and sharable meaning of Web and other artifacts, including data, documents, and services. We also believe that making that vision a reality requires additional supporting resources and these resources should be open, extensible, and provide common services over the ontologies

Ontologies: Principles, methods and applications

This paper is intended to serve as a comprehensive introduction to the emerging field concerned with the design and use of ontologies. We observe that disparate backgrounds, languages, tools, and techniques are a major barrier to effective communication among people, organisations, and/or software systems. We show how the development and implementation of an explicit account of a shared understanding (i.e. an `ontology') in a given subject area, can improve such communication, which in turn, can give rise to greater reuse and sharing, inter-operability, and more reliable software. After motivating their need, we clarify just what ontologies are and what purposes they serve. We outline a methodology for developing and evaluating ontologies, first discussing informal techniques, concerning such issues as scoping, handling ambiguity, reaching agreement and producing de nitions. We then consider the bene ts of and describe, a more formal approach. We re-visit the scoping phase, and discuss the role of formal languages and techniques in the specification, implementation and evaluation of ontologies. Finally, we review the state of the art and practice in this emerging field

Semantic Web and Big Data meets Applied Ontology

The role that ontologies play or can play in designing and employing semantic technologies has been widely acknowledged by the Semantic Web and Linked Data communities. But the level of collaboration between these communities and the Applied Ontology community has been much less than expected. And ontologies and ontological techniques appear to be of marginal use in Big Data and its applications. To understand this situation and foster greater collaboration, Ontology Summit 2014 brought together representatives from the Semantic Web, Linked Data, Big Data and Applied Ontology communities, to address three basic problems involving applied ontology and these communities: (1) The role of ontologies [in these communities], (2) Current uses of ontologies in these communities, and (3) Engineering of ontologies and semantic integration. The intent was to identify and understand: (a) causes and challenges (e.g. scalability) that hinder reuse of ontologies in SW and LD, (b) solutions that can reduce the differences between ontologies on and off line, and (c) solutions to overcome engineering bottlenecks in current Semantic Web and Big Data applications. Over the past four months, presentations from, and discussions with, representatives of the Semantic Web, Linked Data, and Applied Ontology communities have taken place across four tracks. Each Track focused on different aspects of this year?s Summit topic: (Track A) Investigation of sharable and reusable ontologies; (Track B) Tools, services and techniques for a comprehensive and effective use of ontologies; (Track C) Investigation of the engineering bottlenecks and the ways to prevent and overcome them; (Track D) Enquiry on the variety problem in Big Data. In addition to the four Tracks? activities there was a Hackathon. Six different Hackathon projects took place, all available at their individual project public repositories. An online Community Library and an online Ontology Repository have been created as freely accessible Community resources. This Ontology Summit 2014 Communique presents a summary of the results, original in its attempt both to merge different communities? discourses and to achieve consensus across the Summit participants with respect to open problems and recommendations to address them.Fil: Obrst, Leo. The MITRE Corporation; Estados UnidosFil: Gruninger, Michael. University Of Toronto; CanadáFil: Baclawski, Ken. Northeastern University; Estados UnidosFil: Bennett, Mike. Hypercube Ltd.; Reino UnidoFil: Brickley, Dan. Google; Reino UnidoFil: Berg Cross, Gary. Knowledge Strategies; Estados UnidosFil: Hitzler, Pascal. Wright State University; Estados UnidosFil: Janowicz, Krzysztof. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Kapp, Christine. Hypercube Ltd; Estados UnidosFil: Kutz, Oliver. Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg; AlemaniaFil: Lange, Christoph. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Levenchuk, Anatoly. TechInvestLab.ru; RusiaFil: Quattri, Francesca. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong KongFil: Rector, Alan. University Of Manchester; Reino UnidoFil: Schneider, Todd. PDS, Inc.; Estados UnidosFil: Spero, Simon. University Of North Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Thessen, Anne. Arizona State University; Estados UnidosFil: Vegetti, Maria Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño (i); ArgentinaFil: Vizedom, Amanda. Criticollab; Estados UnidosFil: Westerinen, Andrea. Nine Points Solutions; Estados UnidosFil: West, Matthew. Information Junction; Reino UnidoFil: Yim, Peter. CIM Engineering, Inc.; Estados Unido

Security Knowledge Management in Open Source Software Communities

Open source software (OSS) communities are groups of individuals, technical or non-technical, interacting with collaborating peers in online communities of practices to develop OSS, solve particular software problems and exchange ideas. People join OSS communities with a different level of programming skills and experience and might lack formal, college-level software security training. There remains a lot of confusion in participants’ mind as to what is secured code and what the project wants. Another problem is that the huge amount of available software security information nowadays has resulted in a form of information overload to software engineers, who usually finish studying it with no clue about how to apply those principles properly to their own applications. This leads to a knowledge gap between knowledge available and knowledge required to build secure applications in the context of software projects. Given the increased importance and complexity of OSS in today’s world, lacking proper security knowledge to handle vulnerabilities in OSS development will result in breaches that are more serious in the future. The goal of this research work is to fill the knowledge gap by providing an artifact that would facilitate the effective security-knowledge transferring and learning in the context of OSS development. In this work-in-progress paper, we present our ongoing research work following design science research methodology on the domain problem identification and the development of the artifact